The UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP) 30 will take place in Belém, Brazil, 10-21 November 2025. In preparation for the Conference, a Climate Change Conference is being held in Bonn June 16-26, 2025.

What is the COP?

The COP is the supreme decision-making body of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) often referred to as “the Convention”. All States that are Parties to the Convention are represented at the COP, at which they review the implementation of the Convention and any other legal instruments that the COP adopts and take decisions necessary to promote the effective implementation of the Convention, including institutional and administrative arrangements.

A key task for the COP is to review the national communications and emission inventories submitted by Parties. Based on this information, the COP assesses the effects of the measures taken by Parties and the progress made in achieving the ultimate objective of the Convention.

The COP meets every year, unless the Parties decide otherwise. The first COP meeting was held in Berlin, Germany in March, 1995. The COP meets in Bonn, the seat of the secretariat, unless a Party offers to host the session. Just as the COP Presidency rotates among the five recognized UN regions – that is, Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, Central and Eastern Europe and Western Europe and Others – there is a tendency for the venue of the COP to also shift among these groups.

COP 30

In 2025, Brazil will host the 30th Conference of the Parties (COP30), which will take place in Belém, Pará. The chosen city will provide the world with a unique platform to discuss climate solutions, firmly rooted in the heart of the Amazon.

As the host country, Brazil is committed to strengthening multilateralism and fostering consensus on global targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to the warming of the planet.

COP30 website: cop30.br

Bonn Climate Change Conference

The Bonn Climate Change Conference is the annual mid-year meeting of the Subsidiary Bodies under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It takes place in Bonn, Germany, from June 16-26, 2025 and serves as a crucial platform for governments, experts, and stakeholders to advance climate action and prepare for the annual Conference of the Parties in November.

There were significant problems about agreeing an agenda which mainly revolved around Article 9.1 of the Paris Agreement which commits developed countries to provide financial resources to assist developing countries mitigate and adapt to climate change.

But developed countries are currently spending increasing amounts of money on developing their military resources in the face of increasing threats of war. The European Union, for example, wanted the possibility of considering other sources of finance, including voluntary contributions from other countries.

More Information

About the Conference of the Parties (COP): unfccc.int/process/bodies/supreme-bodies/conference-of-the-parties-cop

About the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC): unfccc.int/about-us/about-the-secretariat

COP30 Host Country site: cop30.br/en

Frequently Asked Questions about COP30: cop30.br/en/about-cop30/faq-cop30